Cannabinoids – the main active ingredients in cannabis
Cannabinoids are chemical compounds. They activate the cannabinoid receptors in our body. Phytocannabinoids are the plant forms of these chemical compounds: they are found in the highest concentrations in female cannabis flowers - more precisely in the resin glands on the flower surface.
Today there are more than 113 different cannabinoids known. New ones are still being discovered. There are now researchers who are talking about 144 and more. Each cannabinoid has a unique impact on the endocannabinoid system (ECS), which is the cannabinoid receptors in the body.
MEDCAN believes that all the ingredients of the cannabis plant - cannabinoids, terpenes and other chemical compounds - work together to produce the best therapeutic effect. This so-called entourage effect is confirmed by research and many patients worldwide.
MEDCAN recommends using full extract cannabis products or cannabis flowers. Do not use products that contain individual cannabinoids in isolation. Instead, pay attention to the choice of cannabis strain to achieve the desired effect.
8 cannabinoids with medical potential
THC
Boiling point: 157°C
∆-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol is a cannabinoid known for its psychoactive effects. THC is banned in Switzerland and is on the list of narcotics. One of the most important discoveries made by THC is the existence of the endocannabinoid system in the bodies of vertebrates and humans. Research suggests that THC interacts with parts of the brain otherwise controlled by the endogenous cannabinoid neurotransmitter anandamide
THCA
Boiling point: 105°C
Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid is the main component of fresh cannabis and, like other acidic cannabinoids, is non-psychoactive (the A stands for acid). THCA converts to D9-THC when it is burned, vaporized or heated (decarboxylation) at a certain temperature for a certain period of time.
Research in the field of THCA is continually progressing. It is still too early to make definitive statements about the therapeutic effects of this compound. However, preliminary studies indicate medical benefits. THCA is highly anti-inflammatory, appetite stimulating, anti-tumor, combats insomnia and has an antispasmodic effect.
THCV
Boiling point: not known
Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) is found in large quantities in cannabis strains native to central Africa, such as certain phenotypes from Malawi. It is currently being researched as a treatment for metabolic disorders including diabetes, as well as a potential appetite suppressant.
CBD
Boiling point: 180°C
Cannabidiol is non-psychoactive and because it has only moderate side effects, it is ideal for medical use in children and the elderly. CBD has an anti-inflammatory effect, reduces pain and achieves good results in the treatment of tumors. It is useful for stress-related disorders and sleep problems. CBD is also used to blunt the psychoactive effects of THC. Cannabis flowers and CBD products with less than 1% THC and a high proportion of CBD are legally available in Switzerland and can be purchased in shops and online.
CBDA
Ideal decarbonization temperature: 120+ °C
CBD carboxylic acid (CBDA) is the main component of cannabis plants that have been bred for increased CBD content. CBDA and THCA contain most of the anti-inflammatory properties that cannabis has to offer. CBDA has been proven to have both anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects.
CBN
Boiling point: 185°C
Cannabinol (CBN) is an oxidation product of THC. It usually forms when THC is exposed to oxygen and heat. A high CBN level in cannabis suggests that it is old or has been exposed to high heat. CBN potentiates the effects of THC and creates the so-called “couch lock” effect – the feeling of extreme heaviness in the body. CBN is very mildly psychoactive, but more sedating than other known cannabinoids. This is where its great potential for sleep therapy comes from.
CBG
Boiling point: not available
Cannabigerol (CGB) is non-psychoactive and has been shown to stimulate the growth of new brain cells, even in older people. CBG also stimulates bone growth, it has antibacterial, anti-tumor effects and is effective for insomnia. It can change the overall effects of cannabis.
CBC
Boiling point: 220°C
Cannabichromene is also non-psychoactive and has been shown to be approximately ten times more effective than CBD in treating anxiety and stress. At the same time, inflammation can be treated and pain relieved. CBC is also antiviral and anti-tumor. CBC has also been shown to stimulate the growth of bone tissue.