Scientific foundations are available
The medicinal benefits of cannabis are well documented, and research in this area is constantly growing. Cannabinoids work through the endocannabinoid system, a complex network of receptors and neurotransmitters that regulate a variety of physiological processes, including pain, appetite, mood and memory. The two most well-known cannabinoids, THC and CBD, have different but complementary medicinal properties. In addition to the main cannabinoids, there are many lesser-known cannabinoids that also have medicinal potential. For example, CBG (cannabigerol) shows antibacterial properties, while CBC (cannabichromene) may have antidepressant effects.
The synergy between the different cannabinoids, often referred to as the entourage effect, can enhance the therapeutic effects of cannabis. Additionally, recent studies suggest that terpenes, the aromatic compounds in cannabis, may also contribute to medicinal effectiveness. Terpenes such as myrcene, limonene and linalool each have their own therapeutic properties, such as pain-relieving, anti-inflammatory and anti-anxiety effects. Overall, the growing number of studies and increasing recognition in the medical community shows the immense potential of cannabis as a therapeutic drug.
Pain management
One of the most well-documented medical uses of cannabis is pain relief. Cannabinoids, the active chemical compounds in cannabis, bind to cannabinoid receptors in the central nervous system and influence the sensation of pain. Cannabis is particularly effective for chronic or neuropathic pain, which is often difficult to treat. Studies have shown that cannabis can relieve pain caused by conditions such as multiple sclerosis, paraplegia, arthritis and fibromyalgia.
Treatment of epilepsy
Another medical benefit of cannabis is its effectiveness in treating certain forms of epilepsy, particularly Dravet syndrome and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. The cannabinoid CBD (cannabidiol) has been shown to be particularly useful in reducing the frequency and severity of seizures. Epidiolex, a CBD-based medication, has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat these rare forms of epilepsy.
Relief from nausea and vomiting
Cannabis is often used to relieve nausea and vomiting caused, for example, by chemotherapy in cancer patients. THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), the psychoactive cannabinoid in cannabis, has antiemetic properties that make it a valuable remedy for sick people who suffer from severe nausea and do not respond to conventional medications.
Improvement in appetite
THC is also known for its appetite-stimulating properties, often referred to as “munchies.” This can be particularly useful for patients suffering from diseases such as HIV/AIDS or cancer that cause weight loss and loss of appetite. By stimulating appetite, cannabis can help increase food intake and improve the diet of these patients.
Treatment of migraines
Cannabis is being studied and used medically to treat migraines because of the potential for cannabinoids such as THC and CBD to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and dilate blood vessels. Cannabis can also reduce the nausea and vomiting that often accompany migraines. Some studies and reports show positive results, but further research is needed.
Treating anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Cannabis can also be helpful in treating anxiety and PTSD. Although the effects of cannabis on anxiety are complex and can have both positive and negative effects, many patients have reported experiencing significant relief from their symptoms. CBD is often used for its anti-anxiety effects, while THC can also have a calming effect in low doses.
Neuroprotective properties
There is evidence that cannabis has neuroprotective properties, making it potentially useful for treating neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Cannabinoids may help reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in the brain, which could slow disease progression.
Treatment of glaucoma
Cannabis has traditionally been used to treat glaucoma, a condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that can lead to blindness. THC can lower intraocular pressure, although the effects are temporary and require frequent dosages.
Improving concentration
An increasingly researched area is the potential role of cannabis in improving concentration and treating attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Traditional treatments include medications such as stimulants and behavioral therapies. Some studies and case reports suggest that certain cannabinoids, particularly CBD, may improve concentration and attention by regulating neuronal activity and signaling in the brain. Patients often report improved focus and a reduced feeling of being overwhelmed by using cannabis.
Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome
Cannabis can help with restless leg syndrome (RLS) by relieving pain, improving sleep, relaxing muscles, and reducing anxiety. This can lead to an overall better quality of life. However, scientific evidence is still limited and the effects may vary from person to person.
Cannabis offers promising approaches to medicine
Cannabis is not a miracle cure and further research is needed to understand its full medical effectiveness and safety. However, current findings offer promising approaches for the treatment of a variety of diseases. It is important that patients considering cannabis as medicine do so under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional to achieve the best results and minimize potential side effects. Unfortunately, it is still very difficult to get medical support for a prescription. However, with ongoing global legalization and increasing acceptance in society, MEDCAN expects the medical uses of cannabis to continue to increase in the coming years.
